Three days after our previous update, Northern Italy remains Europe’s highest-risk zone while Nordic airports have moved up the ranking following Sweden’s government fuel limitation announcement. We also present the latest Top 20 most exposed non-European countries as the UAE OPEC exit begins to offer medium-term supply relief.

The UAE’s decision to leave OPEC marks a major shift in the Hormuz crisis. Boston Warwick analyses the impact on global jet fuel supply, Europe’s summer outlook, and what airlines and investors should expect next.